Furnace front



Jan. 14, 1930. J, g, JOHN'S'QN 1,743,674

FURNACE FRONT A Filed April 25, 1927 IIIIIII/I/II/Ib7i IN V EN TOR.

E15. .2 JESSE c, JOHNSON A TTORNEYS.

Patented Jan. 14, 1930 UNETED STATES PATENT oeFice TO s. r, JOHNSON 00.,or

FURNACE FRONT Application filed April 25,

This invention relates to the construction of a furnace front adaptedfor use in connection with oil burners, in which the fuel is projectedthrough an opening in the furnace wall and simultaneously mixed with airfor combustion. One of the objects is to provide an auxiliary annularchanneled air duct for the admission of atmospheric air, entirelysurrounding the burner atomizer opening provided. in the furnace frontplate and in spaced relation thereto, to deliver the required air supplyuniformly to the flaming combustible so that each particle of fuel willbe supplied with its required amount of oxygen for complete combustionwithin the cone of fuel as well as on the outside surface. My inventionwill be best understood from the following description and the annexeddrawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View ofthe construction of myinvention; and

Fig. 2 a front Viewon line 22 of Fig. 1 with a portion of some of theparts removed to show the construction. 7

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the difierent views.

In the carrying out of my invention, the refractory wall 10 of anysuitable furnace is provided with an opening 11, against which a castiron plate 12 is secured to the furnace front plate 14 by any convenientmeans such as bolts 13. The furnace plate 12 is provided with acentrallydisposed frusto-conical, in-' 5 wardly extending annular wall member 15.Surrounding this wall member 15, integral with the plate member 12, andat right angles thereto, I provide a cylindrical member 16, said member16 being in spaced relation to said member 15 and extending beyond thesame for some distance into the combustion chamber of the furnace. hespace thus former between the members 15 and 16, on the interior side ofthe furnace plate .12, is filled in with plastic refractory material 17.A pocket is provided within the material 17, to allow the installationof a pilot burner for the purpose of igniting the burner when startingin operation. (Not shown.)

5-0 An atomizer type of oil burner B tobe 1927. Serial No. 186,502.

used with this device,is adapted to be placed in pos t1on withitsatomizing nozzle 'A extending into the furnace combustion chamber,centrally of said frusto-conical Wall member 15.

Surrounding and in spaced relation thereto, I provide an additionalcylindrical member 18, at right angles to, and integral with, the platemember 12, and extending into the combustion chamber of the furnace thesame distance as said member 16. The interior and exterior walls of saidmembers 16 and 18, respectively, form a circular channel 19, having itsoutlet openmg. extending into the combustion chamber, surrounding saidmember 15 in'spaced relatron, the purpose of which is hereinafter morefully described.

The lower part or bottom of said member 18 is outwardly flared towardssaid furnace plate 12, thus wideningthe distance between the members 16and 18 to communicate with a rectangular opening 20 provided inthefurnace plate 12 and forming an air inlet passage for the admission ofan auxiliary volume of atmospheric air to the furnace through saidcircularchannel 19 in addition to the air blast developed 'by the fanblades of the burner. The air inlet passage20 is wider than the circularchannel 19 formed by members 16 and 18, and is connectedtherewith by aflaring passage 21.

Arranged in the air inlet passage 20 is a damper 22 or fiat butterflyvalve which is operative to vary the area of the air passage and hencethe volume of atmospheric air passmg into the combustion chamber. Thedamper 22 is mounted on a shaft 23 journaled in the furnace front plate12.

This mode of construction, in providing a circular channel for theadmission of additional atmospheric air to the flaming com bustible,asprojected by the burner blower, 18 of great importance, as it forms ameans whereby complete diffusion of the gases incident to the properburning is effected. It is well understood bythose versed in the artthat in the burning of liquid fuel complete combustion is attained whenthe carbon, or combustible matter in the fuel, is burned to thecylindrical member 16,

form CO gas, liberating 14,500 B. t. 11. per pound of carbon and thatincomplete combustion follows when thecarbon is burned to form CO gas,yielding but 4,450 B. t. u. per pound of carbon. \Vhen an atom of carbonis brought in contact With an atom of oxygen at a sufficiently hightemperature, combustion takes place forming CO gas, and un- 7 less thisCO molecule so formed meets another atom of oxygen before itstemperature has fallen, it will pass off throgh the smoke stack as COgas, carrying with it of the heat units which it is capable of yielding.The large voluminous flame resulting from the burning of liquid fuel bythe atomizing process, therefore requires an additional large supply ofatmospheric air, to insure that every CO molecule be supplied with thatother atom of oxygen necessary to complete combustion.

By projecting the finely divided fuel oil, mixed with the air blast ofthe burner blower, into the combustion chamber, and the provision of thecircular channel herein referred to, for the admission of an additionalregulated volume of atmospheric air to the flaming combustible, a meanshas been effected whereby every moleculeof CO gas simultanenously withits formation is met by and combines with the other atom of oxygen tothe immediate formation of C0 The CO molecule and the oxygen are hereplaced in contact with each other by the swirling action induced by theatomizer to insure their combination.

I claim:

In combination with a furnace Wall hav ing an opening therein, a platecovering said opening and having a central frusto-conical openingtherein, an atomizer type oil burner in said central opening, spacedcylindrical members surrounding said conical opening in spaced relationto form an annular air di recting channel, the outer end thereof beingclosed by said plate, and the open end thereof extending into thefurnace chamber and beyond said frusto-conical opening, means foradmitting air to the annular channel member, and means for controllingthe passage of atmospheric air through said channel member. 7

In testimony whereof I have affixedmy signature.

JESSE O. JOHNSON.

